What is the main task accomplished by an algorithm?

The main task accomplished by an algorithm is to execute a defined sequence of operations on data. An algorithm is essentially a step-by-step procedure or set of rules designed for carrying out a specific task or solving a particular problem. When an algorithm is applied to data, it processes that data according to the defined steps, transforming or producing output as needed.

This operational nature is what distinguishes algorithms from other computer science concepts. While storing data, visualizing information, and categorizing objects are important tasks in computer science, they do not capture the essence of what an algorithm fundamentally represents. An algorithm focuses specifically on the methodical execution of operations to manipulate or analyze data effectively, making option B the correct choice.