In concurrent programming, how can one resolve a deadlock?

In concurrent programming, resolving a deadlock is often achieved through the use of a resource request protocol. This protocol establishes a systematic way for processes to request and release resources. It is designed to prevent deadlock by ensuring that the conditions necessary for a deadlock to occur cannot happen simultaneously.

One common resource request protocol is the Banker's Algorithm, which allows a system to allocate resources to processes while ensuring that the system remains in a safe state—meaning that there is a sequence of resource allocations that can satisfy all processes without leading them into a deadlock situation. By carefully managing how resources are allocated and ensuring that processes do not hold onto resources while waiting indefinitely for others, the protocol can effectively eliminate the potential for deadlocks.

This approach is critical because deadlocks occur when processes are stuck waiting for resources held by each other, creating a cycle of dependency that prevents any of them from proceeding. A well-designed resource request protocol addresses these dependencies upfront, minimizing the risk of deadlock occurring in the first place.

Other options, while relevant to resource management, do not provide a direct solution to the problem of deadlocks. For example, efficient memory allocation might optimize resource usage but does not inherently prevent or resolve deadlocks. Similarly, tight coupling of processes