A derived class method that has the same name as a base class method does what?

When a derived class method shares the same name as a method in its base class, it is recognized as overriding the base class method. This means that the derived class provides a specific implementation that replaces or enhances the functionality of the base class method.

This behavior is essential in object-oriented programming as it allows for polymorphism, where the method that gets executed is determined by the type of the object that is invoking it, rather than the type of the reference to that object. This enables more dynamic and flexible code, allowing derived classes to modify or extend the behavior of base class methods while still maintaining a consistent interface.

The concept of method overriding is crucial for achieving runtime polymorphism; it allows derived classes to offer customized behaviors while still adhering to the base class's contract. Thus, when you invoke the method using a derived class instance, the derived version is executed, demonstrating how the derived class can extend or alter the behavior defined by its parent class.